In vitro response of sugarcane buds by the application of various sterilants

Abstract

The high production costs in Pakistan make the country less competitive in sugar markets, both locally and globally, due to factors such as poor performance and lower sugar recovery. Numerous factors contribute to the low yield, with one notable issue being the absence of a rapid method for multiplying seeds. Furthermore, the identification of a desired clone typically requires six to seven years to produce enough better seed. This extended duration creates a bottleneck in crucial breeding programs. Now-a-days, the method of plant tissue culture has grown to be an effective tool for research, resolving both fundamental and applied issues in plant biotechnology. Therefore, the current study was carried out at Nuclear Institute for Food & Agriculture (NIFA), Tarnab, Peshawar. The apical buds from 6-8-months old, in good health, disease free Cp77flash400 variety seed canes were used as explants sources. The results revealed that minimum contamination frequency (60%) and the highest survival rate of (40%) of explants was recorded by the application of HgCl₂, 0.1% for minutes. During this study various concentration of BAP supplemented with MS basal media were also assessed on in vitro shoot regeneration frequency, days taken to initiate the shoot induction responses and the total number of initial shoots each explants. The highest regeneration frequency (86.45%), minimum days (12.8) spent to initiate shoot. On MS basal media supplemented with 1.0 mg/l BAP, the greatest number of primordial shoots per explants (9.5) was observed. The current study has led to the conclusion that every new variety that wants to achieve quick shoot initiation, shoot multiplication, and shoot elongation needs an effective protocol. MS basal media enriched with 1.0 mg/l was proved to be ideal for in vitro shoot regenerating in sugar cane variety Cp77flash400. © 2021 The Author(s)